Dashain: Nepal's Grandest Festival | Incredible Treks Blog

Planning a trip to Nepal? Imagine immersing yourself in a vibrant cultural celebration that unites the entire nation. Dashain, Nepal’s most significant festival, offers travelers a unique opportunity to experience the country’s rich traditions and communal harmony.

What is Dashain?

Dashain, also known as Vijaya Dashami, is the longest and most auspicious festival in the Nepalese calendar, celebrated for 15 days with prayers, feasts, and family gatherings. It typically falls between September and October, marking the victory of good over evil. During this period, Nepalese people return to their ancestral homes, and the entire country is adorned with vibrant decorations and filled with joyous festivities.

Historical and Mythological Significance

The festival commemorates the triumph of Goddess Durga over the demon Mahishasura, symbolizing the victory of virtue over vice. According to Hindu mythology, Mahishasura terrorized the heavens, and the gods sought the help of Goddess Durga, who battled the demon for nine days and nights, ultimately defeating him on the tenth day, known as Vijaya Dashami. This narrative underscores the theme of the triumph of good over evil, a central tenet of Dashain celebrations.

The 15 Days of Dashain: A Detailed Overview

Dashain is celebrated over 15 days, each with its unique rituals and significance. Here’s a breakdown of the key days:

1. Ghatasthapana (Day 1)

The festival begins with Ghatasthapana, which involves the establishment of a sacred vessel (ghat) symbolizing Goddess Durga. Barley seeds are sown in a sand-filled pot, and the sprouted seedlings, known as Jamara, are used in later rituals. This ceremony marks the official commencement of Dashain.

2. Phulpati (Day 7)

Phulpati, meaning ‘sacred flowers and plants,’ involves a traditional procession where offerings are brought to the capital city, Kathmandu. Historically, these offerings were carried from the ancestral royal residence in Gorkha to the Hanuman Dhoka Palace. Today, this event is marked by a formal ceremony attended by government officials and is a significant cultural observance.

3. Maha Ashtami (Day 8)

Maha Ashtami is dedicated to the worship of Goddess Kali, the fierce embodiment of Durga. Devotees offer animal sacrifices in various temples, believing it appeases the goddess and brings prosperity. This day is marked by intense rituals and is considered one of the most potent days of the festival.

4. Maha Navami (Day 9)

On Maha Navami, the focus shifts to the worship of machinery and tools, known as Ayudha Puja. Vehicles, machinery, and instruments are cleaned and blessed to prevent accidents and ensure smooth functioning in the coming year. This practice highlights the respect for the tools that aid in daily life and work.

5. Vijaya Dashami (Day 10)

Nepalese girl receiving tika during day 10 - vijaya dashami of dashain — Source: Kabita Darlami, Unsplash

The most significant day, Vijaya Dashami, involves elders applying tika—a mixture of rice, yogurt, and vermilion—and Jamara on the foreheads of younger relatives, imparting blessings for health and prosperity. Families gather to exchange gifts and share festive meals, reinforcing familial bonds.

6. Kojagrat Purnima (Day 15)

The festival concludes with Kojagrat Purnima, the full moon day, dedicated to the worship of Goddess Laxmi, the deity of wealth. Homes are illuminated with oil lamps and candles to welcome the goddess, symbolizing the ushering in of prosperity and well-being.

Photo of kite thread spool under cloudy sky during dashain — Source: Shreeya Pradhananga, Unsplash

Cultural Practices and Traditions

Dashain is rich with cultural practices that offer travelers a deep insight into Nepalese life:

Family Reunions: Nepalese people living abroad or in distant parts of the country return home to celebrate with their families, emphasizing the importance of familial ties.
Kite Flying: The skies are filled with colorful kites, symbolizing the advent of Dashain and adding to the festive atmosphere.
Swing Installation: Traditional bamboo swings, known as ‘ping,’ are set up in villages and towns, providing entertainment and fostering community spirit.
Animal Sacrifices: As part of the rituals, animals are sacrificed to honor the goddess Durga, a practice rooted in ancient traditions.
Cleaning and Decorating Homes: Homes are thoroughly cleaned and adorned with decorations to invite the goddess’s blessings, reflecting the theme of purification and renewal.

Culinary Delights during Dashain

Food plays a central role in Dashain celebrations, with families preparing an array of traditional dishes:

Meat Delicacies: Special dishes like mutton curry and fried goat liver are savored, as meat consumption is considered auspicious during Dashain.
Sel Roti: A traditional homemade, sweet, ring-shaped rice bread, sel roti is a festive delicacy enjoyed with various accompaniments.
Khasi Ko Masu: Goat meat curry, known as Khasi Ko Masu, is a staple during Dashain feasts, prepared with a blend of local spices.
Aloo Tama: A delicious curry made with potatoes and bamboo shoots, adding a unique sour and tangy flavor to the festive meal.
Curd and Sweets: A variety of sweets like lal mohan, and peda, along with fresh curd, are served to complete the meal.

Dashain and Trekking in Nepal

Many travelers wonder if Dashain is a good time to visit Nepal, especially for trekking. And, the answer is a resounding yes! Here’s why:

Pleasant Weather: Dashain falls in autumn, which offers clear skies and mild temperatures—perfect for trekking in the Himalayas.
Cultural Experience: Villages and cities alike are adorned with festive decorations, and tourists are often welcomed to join family celebrations.
Less Crowded Trails: While major cities like Kathmandu and Pokhara become lively with festivities, trekking routes remain relatively less crowded compared to peak tourist seasons.
Local Hospitality: Many teahouses and lodges in trekking regions continue operating during Dashain, and trekkers may even be invited to join in the celebrations with local families.

Travel Tips for Experiencing Dashain

If you’re planning to visit Nepal during Dashain, here are some tips to make the most of your experience:

Plan in Advance: As many Nepalese people travel back to their villages, bus and flight tickets may sell out quickly. Book transportation and accommodations ahead of time.
Respect Traditions: If invited to a family gathering, dress modestly and participate in the rituals, such as receiving tika and blessings.
Try Local Foods: Don’t miss out on the special Dashain dishes prepared during the festival.
Expect Some Closures: Government offices, banks, and some businesses remain closed, especially on the main festival days.
Capture the Moments: Whether it’s the sight of children flying kites, families enjoying festive feasts, or elders giving tika, Dashain offers many photographic opportunities.

Conclusion

Dashain is more than just a festival; it is a time of unity, renewal, and joy that brings people together, regardless of where they are. Furthermore, for travelers, it offers an unparalleled opportunity to experience Nepal’s rich traditions, taste authentic cuisine, and immerse themselves in the warm hospitality of Nepalese culture. Whether you choose to trek through the Himalayas or stay in the bustling cities, experiencing Dashain in Nepal is bound to leave you with unforgettable memories.

If you’re planning a trip to Nepal, consider visiting during Dashain and witness the country at its most vibrant and joyful!

Dashain: Nepal’s Grandest Festival

In This Article

What is Dashain?

Historical and Mythological Significance