Kathmandu, the bustling capital of Kingdom of Nepal, is a city that offers an unparalleled blend of ancient heritage and vibrant modernity. From UNESCO World Heritage sites to bustling bazaars, this city serves as a gateway to the natural and cultural wonders of Nepal full of Nepali hospitality. Whether you’re planning to embark on an Everest Base Camp trek or immerse yourself in the city’s rich culture, Kathmandu has something for everyone. Here’s your ultimate guide to the must-do activities during your stay in this enchanting city.
In This Article
- Explore the Historic Durbar Squares around Kathmandu
- Visit the Swayambhunath Stupa (The Monkey Temple)
- Discover Boudhanath Stupa
- Pashupatinath Temple: A Spiritual Experience
- Dive into Local Nepalese Cuisine
- Shop in Thamel: A Vibrant Experience in Kathmandu
- Trekking and Adventure Planning
- Enjoy a Mountain Flight
- Day Hikes around Kathmandu
- Experience Traditional Art and Handicrafts
- Relax in the Garden of Dreams: A Tranquil Oasis in Kathmandu
- Cultural Festivals in Kathmandu
- Visit Narayanhiti Palace Museum
1. Explore the Historic Durbar Squares around Kathmandu
Kathmandu is home to three Durbar Squares — Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, and Patan — each brimming with centuries-old temples, courtyards, and palaces. These UNESCO World Heritage Sites are a testament to Nepal’s intricate architecture and rich history.
Kathmandu Durbar Square
Located in the heart of Nepal’s capital, Kathmandu Durbar Square (Hanuman Dhoka) was once the royal palace of the Malla and Shah Kings. The complex dates back to the 3rd century, with major expansions made during the Malla period (12th to 18th centuries). This square hosted the coronation ceremonies of Nepalese monarchs, symbolizing its historical importance. You must visit these key attractions at the Kathmandu Durbar Square:
- Hanuman Dhoka Palace: A 17th-century palace named after the Hindu deity Hanuman, regarded as the protector of the king.
- Kumari Ghar: The residence of the Kumari, a living goddess revered in Nepalese culture.
- Taleju Temple: Built in 1564, this pagoda-style temple honors Goddess Taleju Bhawani.
- Kal Bhairav: An awe-inspiring stone idol of Lord Shiva in his destructive form.
- Swet Bhairav: Swet Bhairav, an incarnation of Lord Shiva, represents the most dangerous and fierce aspect of the deity. The statue of Bhairav is unveiled exclusively during the Indra Jatra festival, one of Kathmandu’s most significant celebrations. During the festival, crowds gather around the statue to partake in a unique tradition: consuming “thwon,” a local rice beer, poured directly from the mouth of the divine figure.
Visit the Kathmandu Durbar Square during the Indra Jatra Festival (September) to witness vibrant cultural celebrations. Also, early mornings at the complex offer fewer crowds and better photo opportunities.
Bhaktapur Durbar Square
Stepping into Bhaktapur Durbar Square is like traveling back in time. Known as the “City of Devotees,” Bhaktapur is famous for its well-preserved medieval architecture. The durbar square flourished during the reign of the Malla kings in the 14th century. It was designated as a World Heritage Site in 1979 for its exceptional cultural value. Don’t miss these key attractions around the Bhaktapur Durbar Square
- 55-Window Palace: This palace is a masterpiece of Nepalese woodcarving.
- Nyatapola Temple: A five-story pagoda, dedicated to Siddhi Lakshmi, showcasing Nepal’s finest temple architecture.
- Pottery Square: A hub for traditional pottery-making, offering visitors the chance to try their hand at the craft.
- Dattatreya Temple: A unique three-tiered temple, dedicated to the Hindu trinity of Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva.
You must taste the delicious Juju Dhau (King Curd), a traditional yoghurt made in Bhaktapur during your visit at the square.
Patan Durbar Square
Patan Durbar Square, also known as Lalitpur Durbar Square, is a cultural gem celebrated for its artistic heritage and intricate craftsmanship. Patan is one of the oldest cities in Nepal, established in the 3rd century. Known as the “City of Fine Arts,” Patan was a center for craftsmanship during the Malla period. You must visit these key attractions at the Patan Durbar Square:
- Krishna Mandir: A 17th-century Shikhara-style temple built entirely of stone, dedicated to Lord Krishna.
- Patan Museum: Housed in a royal palace, this museum showcases traditional Nepalese art and artifacts.
- Golden Temple: A stunning 12th-century Buddhist monastery known as Hiranya Varna Mahavihar.
- Sundari Chowk: Features an intricately carved sunken water tank (Tusha Hiti).
Try visiting the complex during the Rato Machhindranath Festival (April-May) for a unique glimpse into Patan’s cultural traditions. Also, you can explore local handicraft shops for exquisite souvenirs like metalwork and paubha paintings.
For a guided tour of these squares and other UNESCO sites, check out the Kathmandu Valley Private Day Tour.
2. Visit the Swayambhunath Stupa (The Monkey Temple)
Perched atop a hill, Swayambhunath offers panoramic views of Kathmandu and is a sacred site for Buddhists. It is believed to be over 2,000 years old, and this stupa is associated with the origins of the Kathmandu Valley. It offers an iconic white dome with a golden spire, prayer wheels, and countless monkeys which gave it the nickname “Monkey Temple”. This ancient site is a harmonious blend of Hindu and Buddhist symbolism. It’s a perfect spot for sunrise or sunset views.
3. Discover Boudhanath Stupa
One of the largest stupas in the world, Boudhanath is a hub for Tibetan Buddhism. The Boudhanath area offers a massive mandala-shaped stupa, surrounding monasteries, and vibrant prayer flags fluttering in the wind. Walk clockwise around the stupa, spin the prayer wheels, and absorb the spiritual ambiance. Don’t forget to visit one of the rooftop cafes for a spectacular view.
4. Pashupatinath Temple: A Spiritual Experience
Located along the banks of the Bagmati River, Pashupatinath is one of the most sacred Hindu temples dedicated to Lord Shiva. Witness traditional rituals and, if you’re culturally inclined, you can observe the unique cremation ceremonies as well.
Most importantly, you can immerse yourself in the mesmerizing Pashupatinath Bagmati Aarati at the Pashupatinath Temple. The aarati is a Hindu ritual of worship where fire, often in the form of oil lamps, is offered to deities while devotional songs are sung. At Pashupatinath, this ceremony is a grand spectacle that combines devotion, music, and spirituality, leaving visitors awe-inspired. The aarati in Pashupatinath takes place every evening around 6:00 PM on the eastern bank of the Bagmati River, just opposite the main temple. Priests dressed in traditional attire perform synchronized movements, waving large oil lamps in intricate patterns. They chant hymns and mantras accompanied by the rhythmic sounds of bells, cymbals, and a drum. The air fills with the fragrance of incense and the glow of lamps reflecting off the river. Devotees sing along or silently meditate, creating an atmosphere of deep spirituality and connection.
The aarati showcases Nepal’s rich Hindu traditions and the unique reverence for Lord Shiva. Whether you’re religious or not, the serenity of the moment and the devotion on display leave a profound impact. People from all walks of life—locals, tourists, and pilgrims—come together, fostering a sense of unity and shared experience during the experience.
The area gets crowded, especially during festivals, so arrive at least 30 minutes early to secure a good spot. Avoid taking intrusive photos or videos during the ceremony. As Pashupatinath is a sacred site, wear modest clothing. Witnessing the aarati is even more meaningful if paired with a daytime exploration of Pashupatinath’s rich architecture and spiritual ambiance.
5. Dive into Local Nepalese Cuisine
Nepalese cuisine is a delightful fusion of flavors, traditions, and stories passed down through generations. From the hearty dal bhat to the spicy momo, every dish tells a tale of the country’s diverse culture and geography. Whether you’re a food enthusiast planning a trip to Nepal or just curious about its unique dishes, this guide will take you through the culinary gems that define Nepal’s food scene. Nepalese cuisine is influenced by the country’s geography and its neighbors, India, Tibet, and China. However, it retains a distinct identity with flavors that balance heat, spice, and earthiness. The food varies by region—mountain areas rely on hearty and warming dishes, while the Terai belt incorporates tropical ingredients and spices. Kathmandu is a food lover’s paradise. Try these must-have dishes and visit Top 10 Nepalese Cuisine for more info on must have Nepalese Cuisine:
- Momo (Dumplings): Steamed or fried, they are a staple Nepali snack.
- Dal Bhat: The traditional Nepali meal served with lentils, rice, and curry.
- Newari Cuisine: Savor local dishes like Yomari and Bara.
6. Shop in Thamel: A Vibrant Experience in Kathmandu
Thamel is Kathmandu’s vibrant tourist hub, thus a place you simply can’t miss. Thamel, the beating heart of Kathmandu, is known for its lively streets, colorful shops, and an eclectic mix of traditional and modern goods. Whether you’re a backpacker hunting for trekking gear, a souvenir collector, or just someone who loves to soak in the vibe of a bustling marketplace, Thamel has something for everyone.
Thamel has been the hub of Kathmandu’s tourism scene since the 1970s, when hippies from around the world discovered its laid-back charm. Over the decades, it transformed into a vibrant marketplace while still retaining its bohemian roots. Today, it’s a favorite destination for locals and tourists alike, offering an authentic Nepali shopping experience blended with global influences.
What to Shop for in Thamel:
- Handicrafts and Souvenirs: Thamel is a treasure trove of traditional Nepali crafts. Find intricately carved wooden masks, singing bowls, prayer flags, and handmade pashmina scarves. Look for authentic, locally-made items and avoid overly touristy shops that might sell mass-produced goods.
- Trekking and Adventure Gear: Planning to trek in the Himalayas? Thamel is the go-to spot for high-quality trekking gear. Find sleeping bags, hiking boots, jackets, and camping equipment. Many shops sell both international brands and affordable local alternatives.
- Books and Maps: Thamel is heaven for book lovers and adventurers who want detailed maps of Nepal. Shops like Pilgrims Book House offer everything from Nepali literature to guidebooks on trekking and mountaineering.
- Jewelry and Gemstones: If you love unique jewelry, Thamel won’t disappoint. Find silver and turquoise necklaces, Tibetan-style bracelets, rudraksha beads and many more around the area.
- Spices and Tea: Bring home the flavors of Nepal with locally sourced spices and tea. You must shop for Himalayan pink salt, masala tea, and locally grown organic coffee to boast about your visit to Kathmandu after returning home.
Shopping in Thamel isn’t just about the goods; it’s about the experience. The narrow streets are alive with the sound of bells from nearby temples, the aroma of street food, and the energy of people from all over the world. After a day of shopping, unwind at one of the many rooftop cafes with a cup of Nepali masala tea or a plate of Momo.
7. Trekking and Adventure Planning
If you’re in Kathmandu and itching for an adventure, you’re in the right place! Known as the gateway to the Himalayas, Kathmandu offers endless opportunities to plan the trekking or adventure trip of a lifetime. Whether you’re dreaming of reaching Everest Base Camp or exploring the Annapurna region, you can find itineraries for them here and other various itineraries over here.
8. Enjoy a Mountain Flight
With Nepal’s reputation as the home of the Himalayas, airlines sought to offer travelers a glimpse of these majestic peaks without the challenges of trekking. Over the decades, the experience has been refined to provide an unparalleled aerial adventure, blending modern aviation with the timeless allure of the mountains.
If trekking isn’t your cup of tea but you still want to witness the grandeur of the Himalayas, opt for a mountain flight. It’s an once-in-a-lifetime experience that takes you closer to the world’s highest peaks, including the legendary Mount Everest, all from the comfort of an aircraft. Perfect for travelers short on time or those looking for a unique adventure, this activity is an unmissable highlight of your Kathmandu visit. Book your experience here: Mountain Flight with Kathmandu Sightseeing.
Your journey starts at Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu early in the morning, when the skies are clearest. As the plane ascends, you’ll be greeted by sprawling views of the Kathmandu Valley, a breathtaking prelude to what’s ahead. Mountain flights typically last an hour, during which you’ll soar past some of the tallest and most famous peaks in the world, including:
- Mount Everest (8,848.86m): The crown jewel of the Himalayas.
- Kanchenjunga (8,586m): The third-highest mountain, straddling Nepal and India.
- Lhotse (8,516m): Known as Everest’s neighbor, equally mesmerizing.
- Makalu (8,485m): A uniquely pyramid-shaped peak.
Each passenger gets a window seat, ensuring unobstructed views, and you’ll even have the chance to visit the cockpit for a panoramic experience!
9. Day Hikes around Kathmandu
We get it, the city’s bustling streets are sometimes a little too much. So, if you’re yearning to escape the streets, you don’t need to travel far for a refreshing hiking adventure. The Kathmandu Valley is surrounded by lush hills, serene forests, and ancient trails, making it a paradise for day hikes and short treks. Whether you’re a seasoned hiker or just looking for a leisurely walk, there’s a trail waiting for you.
Kathmandu offers several nearby trails for day hikes, perfect for those short on time. Popular routes include:
- Nagarkot to Changu Narayan
- Phulchowki Hill
- Shivapuri National Park to Nagi Gompa
- Dhulikhel to Namobuddha
- Champadevi Hill
Plan your hikes with Hiking in Nepal.
10. Experience Traditional Art and Handicrafts
The Kathmandu Valley has been a hub of art and culture since the Licchavi period (4th–9th century) and flourished further during the Malla era (12th–18th century). Kings and artisans alike contributed to the development of intricate wood carvings, metalwork, pottery, and Thangka paintings. These crafts weren’t just for aesthetic purposes—they were deeply tied to religious and cultural practices.
Today, many of these age-old traditions are kept alive by skilled artisans, who use the same techniques their ancestors perfected.
Top Places to Explore Traditional Art and Handicrafts in Kathmandu are:
- Patan Durbar Square: Known as the city of artisans, Patan (or Lalitpur) is famous for its metalwork and wood carvings. The Patan Museum showcases exquisite pieces that reflect the valley’s craftsmanship. Watch artisans creating intricate statues of Hindu and Buddhist deities.
- Bhaktapur: A living, breathing example of Newar artistry, Bhaktapur is renowned for its pottery and handwoven fabrics. Strolling through its ancient alleys feels like stepping back in time. Visit Pottery Square to see craftsmen shaping clay on traditional wheels.
- Thamel and Handicraft Shops: Thamel is a hotspot for traditional handicrafts, offering everything from handwoven pashmina scarves to intricate Thangka paintings.
- Ason Bazaar: Ason’s bustling market has been a trading hub for centuries, offering handmade items such as traditional utensils, jewelry, and textiles. The vibrant atmosphere, where history and modernity collide.
- Pottery Studios: These studios preserve the ancient art of pottery, where you can even try your hand at making a clay masterpiece. Explore Thimi, a quieter alternative to Bhaktapur, for its vibrant ceramics.
Popular Traditional Handicrafts to Look Out For:
- Thangka Paintings: Sacred Buddhist artworks that narrate spiritual stories.
- Pashmina: Luxurious handwoven cashmere shawls and scarves.
- Metal Statues: Intricately carved statues of deities made from bronze and copper.
- Wood Carvings: From windows to idols, the craftsmanship is unmatched.
- Handmade Paper: Known as Lokta paper, this eco-friendly craft is perfect for journals and gifts.
11. Relax in the Garden of Dreams: A Tranquil Oasis in Kathmandu
Photo Source: https://gardenofdreams.org.np/
Amid the bustling streets of Kathmandu, where honking horns and the vibrant chaos of everyday life dominate, there exists a peaceful retreat that feels like stepping into a different world. The Garden of Dreams, also known as the Kaiser Mahal Garden, located in the heart of the city, is a serene escape that blends history, art, and nature. The garden is a harmonious blend of classical architecture, fountains, pergolas, and vibrant flora. It’s the perfect spot to recharge after exploring the nearby cultural landmarks.
If you’re craving a quiet moment to relax, read a book, or simply take in the beauty of your surroundings, this enchanting garden is a must-visit.
12. Cultural Festivals in Kathmandu
When in Kathmandu, you’ll quickly realize that this city doesn’t just celebrate life—it revels in it. From intricate rituals to jubilant street parades, the festivals in Kathmandu are a whirlwind of color, music, and tradition. Attending these celebrations offers a unique opportunity to connect with the cultural heartbeat of Nepal and witness centuries-old traditions come alive.
Nepal is home to a rich tapestry of cultures and religions, primarily Hinduism and Buddhism, which form the backbone of its vibrant festivals. Kathmandu, as the cultural and spiritual hub, hosts some of the most spectacular celebrations in the country. Many festivals have roots tracing back to the Licchavi period (4th–9th century) and have been meticulously preserved over generations.
These festivals aren’t just about rituals—they’re about community, storytelling, and a shared sense of joy. Major cultural festivals in Kathmandu you can’t miss are: Indra Jatra, Dashain, Tihar, Holi, and Buddha Jayanti.
13. Visit Narayanhiti Palace Museum
If you’re a history enthusiast or simply curious about Nepal’s royal past, a visit to the Narayanhiti Palace Museum is a must when you’re in Kathmandu. Situated in the heart of the city, this former royal palace offers an incredible insight into the history, culture, and grandeur of Nepal’s monarchy. With its fascinating collection of artifacts, lavish rooms, and significant historical events, the museum is not just a place to visit—it’s a journey through time.
Check out Narayanhiti Palace Museum before visiting.
Kathmandu is more than just a gateway to trekking adventures; it’s a city that offers rich cultural experiences, spiritual journeys, and unforgettable memories. For a well-rounded experience, explore our detailed Nepal Tour Packages and plan your trip today. This guide is designed to help travelers uncover the best that Kathmandu has to offer. For more inspiration on what you must do in Kathmandu, check out our Incredible Treks Blog, featuring insider tips and stories from the heart of Nepal.
